Unit
2
1. Explanation
of the quotes
a) 'If
writing is easy, you are doing it wrong.'- Bryan Hutchinson
Use
of double negation in a sentence brings affirmative meaning. If the hypothesis
'writing is easy' is wrong then we infer that writing is difficult. If someone
says he wrote easily, his writing might be wrong.
b) 'The
pen is tongue of mind.'- Miguel de Cervantes Saavendra
The
sentence uses metaphor to compare pen and tongue. Tongue is very important to
express the idea generated in mind. Like tongue, pen also manifests the idea of
mind.
Ways with words
A. The words in the crossword
puzzle are from the text. Find them in the
text
to solve the puzzle based on the clues given below.
Down:
1. to be preoccupied with a
single topic or emotion
3. to move slowly and quietly in a particular direction
4. orderly, logical and consistent
Across:
2. to utter rapidly or unintelligibly
5. to insert something between other things
6. an unreadable handwriting
B. Use the following words in
sentences of your own.
Massive- My grandfather had a massive heart attack last year.
Consciousness-
Milan lost his consciousness while he was being given injection.
catch-as-catch-can
( using any available method)- Even
though the problem, you
have to solve this problem catch-as-catch-can.
give up- You
must give up smoking if you want to be healthy.
abandon- Police
made the dacoits abandon the place.
lousy- It is
not necessary to keep the lousy materials in your room.
editing- Seeta
is editing her essay since it has been too lengthy.
C. Word formation: Adjectives
and Adverbs
b. Write the following words in the right columns. Change the adjectives into adverbs and nouns into adjectives, as shown in the example.
rain, careful, bush, spice, perfect,
automatic, snow, blood, certain, cloud, fair, general, heavy, bag, proud,
rapid, mood, noise, proper, air, final, common, beautiful, frequent, snow,
hungry, cream, dust, ease, ice, oil, spice fun, hand, greed, health, hill
|
Adjectives |
Adverbs |
Nouns |
Adjectives |
|
careful |
carefully |
rain |
rainy |
|
perfect |
perfectly |
bush |
bushy |
|
automatic |
automatically |
spice |
Spicy |
|
certain |
certainly |
snow |
snowy |
|
fair |
fairly |
blood |
bloody |
|
general |
generally |
cloud |
cloudy |
|
heavy |
Heavily |
bag |
baggy |
|
proud |
proudly |
noise |
noisy |
|
rapid |
rapidly |
air |
airy |
|
proper |
properly |
cream |
creamy |
|
final |
finally |
mood |
moody |
|
common |
commonly |
dust |
dusty |
|
beautiful |
beautifully |
ice |
icy |
|
hungry |
hungrily |
oil |
oily |
|
frequent |
Frequently |
health |
healthy |
|
hungry |
Hungrily |
hill |
hilly |
|
|
|
ease |
easy |
|
|
|
fun |
funny |
|
|
|
greed |
greedy |
|
|
|
hand |
handy |
c. Fill in the gaps with the
appropriate adjective or adverb.
i. Pramila is playing …… (quiet/quietly).
ii. Hari speaks very …… (loud/loudly).
iii. Mukesh is a …… (careful/carefully)
driver.
iv. The test was …… (easy/easily)
and we finished in time.
v. He is fitting the …… (automatic/automatically)
door in my house.
vi. My uncle speaks …… (perfect/perfectly)
Chinese. ( remember.......…Chinese perfectly)
vii. It was raining very …… (heavy/heavily).
viii. She
looked very …… (calm/calmly), but I am sure she was feeling very
nervous.
Comprehension
Answer the following questions.
a. Why is
freewriting also called ‘automatic writing’?
- Free writing is also called 'automatic writing' since it is written spontaneously, without watertight formal restrictions.
b. How do
you differentiate writing from speaking?
- Alphabets are used in writing but sounds are used in speaking. All normal human beings can speak his or her mother tongue without special learning but people cannot write even in his or her mother tongue without special learning. Editing is possible in writing which is not possible in speaking.
c. What is
the biggest obstacles in the writing process, according to Elbow? Do you agree
with him? Why? Why not?
- According to Elbow 'editing mistakes, bad writing, and unacceptable thoughts and feelings' in the writing process is the biggest obstacle. Heavy editing stops fluency of writing. However, we cannot fully omit mistakes. If we fully neglect the basic structures of language, the writing is nonsense; in fact, it is not writing.
d. How can
freewriting overcome ‘writer’s block’?
- Freewriting is non-editing writing. The writer regularly practices bringing together the process of producing words and putting them down on the page. This makes the writers write spontaneously and fluently as a result there is less block.
e. What do
you mean by ‘voice’ in writing?
- 'Voice in writing refers to the idea, thought or message contained in our mind.
f. Elbow uses a simile to explain that freewriting “is like writing something and putting it in a bottle in the sea.” What does this mean? Explain.
- This statement means that there is a chance of freewriting not read. If someone reads it there is little chance to reply or comment in our writing.
Critical thinking
Critical thinking
a. How does the author persuade readers in this essay? What is he
trying to communicate to the readers?
- This is an example of persuasive essay. In persuasive essay the writer intends to convince the reader to believe in the proposition made by him. In this essay also the writer tries to convince the readers to believe in his belief that free writing exercise enhances one 's writing skill. To make readers believe in his words, he gives example of a writing that lacks coherence. However, he claims that that type of writing is not bad either. He also uses similes and metaphors like “freewriting is like writing something and putting it in a bottle in the sea.” to convince the readers in his writing.
b. Elbow said, freewriting “is an exercise in bringing together the process of producing words and putting them down on the page.” Do you agree with his statement? Why? Why not?
- Freewriting is exploring our ideas through writing. When we free write, we write whatever comes into our mind on the topic. In freewriting we write without stopping. When one free writes, he never makes editing. This is just like speaking where we do not make correction. In this sense we can agree with Elbow's statement " freewriting is an exercise in bringing together the process of producing words and putting them down on the page.”
c. How did you learn to write? What was particularly difficult in writing? What inspired you to write? What are some of the challenges that you still face while writing?
- It was very poor in writing up to class ten. Grammatical exercises were quite easier for me to learn than to write a single paragraph. My English teacher suggested me that I should write on any topic without caring of grammatical mistakes. After his advice, I tried the same. Later on, I found myself that my writing lacked proper order. I read several short stories to find out how the flow of writing goes. Then I felt somehow easy to write in any topics.
C. Write a paragraph on any one of the following topics.
a. My school library
b. Moral values I like most
MY SCHOOL LIBRARY:
A library is a temple of learning. It is because it has a collection of the best available books. A book is a treasure of the wisdom of an intellectual. It is the life-blood of its author.
My school also has a library. It has 13,400 books. It is perhaps the biggest library any High School has. It has books on all the school subjects, particularly on science and literature. The books are maintained subject-wise. They are kept in almirahs with glass panes.
The name of the Librarian is Sh. Aditya Sharma. He has two assistants and one peon at his disposal. They keep the library clean. The peon dusts the books daily. The librarian is very kind, gentle and accommodating nature. But at the same time, he is a disciplinarian also. He maintains perfect silence in the library.
The library is housed in a big room. There is a big oval-shaped table placed in the centre of the room. Chairs are placed around the table. It can accommodate thirty students at a time.
The students get books from the library during fixed hours. It remains open in the evening also. It is a great facility for the students that they can visit the library after school hours. The librarian is very strict about the return of books in time. The librarian charges a two hundred rupees per day fine for the late return of a book. A student can borrow only two books at a time.
In addition to books, the library displays a number of newspapers and magazines in Hindi, English and Punjabi. The students acquaint themselves with the affairs going on through the study of newspapers. In addition, the journals and magazines provide the students with specific knowledge on a particular subject. The old magazines and newspapers are also preserved. One can get any old paper whenever there is a need for it.
In fact, the library of my school is a great source of attraction to the students. They hurry to the library whenever they have a vacant period.
A good library is indeed an asset to a school. It helps the students in developing a taste for studies. It also helps in cultivating discipline. The students learn to sit silently.
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