Unit 1 Exercises

Ways with words

A. Find the words from the text which mean the following.

a. a messenger or representative, especially one on a diplomatic mission è envoy

b. the state or quality of being worthy of honor or respectè dignity

c. harm done to someone in response to harmè revenge

d. a person who holds extreme views in political or religious mattersè extremist

e. sympathetic pity and concern for the sufferings or misfortunes of othersè compassion

f. a person who is believed to speak for Godè prophet

g. the study of the nature of knowledge, reality and existenceè philosophy

h. the use of physical force so as to injure, abuse, damage or destroyèviolence

i. an unreasonable dislike of a particular group of people or thingsèprejudice

B. Match the words on the left with their opposite meanings on the right.

a. honour è disgrace

b. innocent è guilty

c. brutality è  kindness

d. forgivenessè punishment

e. illiteracy èliteracy

C. Using dictionary

Dictionary contains at least three forms of information about a word: pronunciation,

word class and meaning.

Look at the following dictionary entry of the words ‘humanity’ and ‘humanize’ (Oxford

Advanced Learner’s Dictionary 9th edition):

a. Study the dictionary entry above and answer these questions.

i. What is the headword in the first entry?

 è The headword in the first entry is 'humanity'

ii. How many meanings of the word ‘humanity’ are given?

è Four meanings of the word humanity are given.

iii. What do the abbreviations U, OPP, pl, and sth stand for?

èU stands for Uncountable Noun

    OPP stands for Opposite meaning.

     pl stands for plural form of noun.

     sth stands for something.

iv. What is the British English spelling of ‘humanize’?

èThe British English spelling of ‘humanize’ is humanise.

v. How is the word ‘humanize’ pronounced?

èThe word ‘humanize’ is pronounced as /ˈhjuːmənaɪz/

vi. If we say Every person should have the sense of humanity, which meaning

of ‘humanity’ is applied?

èThird meaning is applied.

b. Arrange the following words in alphabetical order.

i.

acute

advance

agreement

aid

allergy

amuse

analysis

anxiety

assure

attain

ii.

small

smallpox

smart

smashed

smearing

smelling

smoke

smoothly

smuggler

speaking

iii.

terminal

terminate

terminology

termite

terms

terrace

terrible

terribly

territory

terror

c. Make a list of five new words from the reading text. Using a dictionary, write their meanings and use the words in sentences of your own.

Envoyè a person delegated to represent one government in its dealing with another.

Mr. Gyawali has been nominated as chief envoy of Nepal Government to make trade agreement with India.

Compassion è sympathetic consciousness of others' distresses together with a desire to alleviate it.

Gita has the compassion to offer help when it is needed most.

legacyè something transmitted by or received from an ancestor or predecessor or from the past.

The war left a legacy of pain and suffering.

brutalityè lacking intelligence, sensitivity or compassion

The brutality of police made the public arrogant.

flourishè grow properly

Education helps to flourish our innate capacities. 

Comprehension

Answer the following questions.

a. Why did the speaker receive thousands of good-wishes cards and gifts from all over the world?

è The speaker received thousands of good-wishes cards and gifts as tokens of love from all over the world for her fast recovery and a new life.

b. According to the speaker, what are hundreds of human rights activists and social workers struggling for?

è According to the speaker, hundreds of human rights activists and social workers are struggling for achieving their goals of education, peace and quality.

c. What has she learnt from Gandhi?

è She learnt to be peaceful, to love everyone and to be forgiveness from Gandhi.

d. In what sense is peace necessary for education?

èIn the absence of peace educational institutions can not run smoothly. The teachers and students can be victim of violence if the country is in conflict.

e. According to the speaker, what are the main problems faced by both men and women?

èAccording to the speaker; poverty, ignorance, injustice, racism, and deprivation of basic rights are the main problems faced by both men and women.

f. What is Malala calling upon all governments?

 èMalala is calling upon all governments to change their strategic policies in favour of peace and prosperity.

g. What is the main message of this speech?

èThe main message of Malala's speech is to gain education is the right of every citizen and giving education is the duty of all countries. This right should not be harmed.