Unit-3- All Exercises

Ways with Words

A. Find the words from the text that have the following meanings.

a. a personal or corporate website-blog

b. a job requiring expertise in a particular field-profession

c. a feeling of sadness- disappointment

d. put under custody- detained

e. found guilty- convicted.

f. breaking or disregarding rules or system- violating.

g. advantages and disadvantages-pros and cons

h. a non-statutory monetary penalty-amercement.

B. Study the underlined phrases in the following sentences.

These are prepositional verbs. A prepositional verb is a combination of a verb and a

preposition. It is simply a verb followed by a preposition (prepositional verb = verb

+ preposition).

• ·       She had to apologize to her friend for the misunderstanding.
• ·       It takes time to adapt to a new work environment.
• ·       He decided to devote his entire life to helping underprivileged children.
• ·       The article I read referred to the latest scientific discoveries.
• ·       I will reply to your email as soon as possible.
• ·       I admire her for her dedication and hard work.
• ·       She decided to apply for the job after hearing about the opening.
• ·       We pray for peace and harmony in the world.
• ·       He scolded his son for not completing his homework on time.
• ·       I will vote for the candidate who aligns with my values.
• ·       The archer aimed at the target and released the arrow.
• ·       They will arrive at the airport at 3 PM.
• ·       She glanced at the beautiful sunset before continuing her walk.
• ·       Please look at these pictures and tell me which one you like the most.
• ·       He decided to bring up the issue during the meeting.
• ·       They need to agree on a budget for the project.
• ·       She commented on the latest developments in the industry.
• ·       The team needs to concentrate on finishing the project on time.
• ·       I rely on my alarm clock to wake me up in the morning.
• ·       You can count on me to support you through this difficult time.
• ·       He grew up in a small town in the countryside.
• ·       She managed to escape from the burning building just in time.
• ·       It took her months to recover from the illness.
• ·       He decided to resign from his position to pursue other opportunities.
• ·       She suffers from severe allergies.
• ·       The company decided to separate from its underperforming subsidiary.
• ·       Don't worry about the small details; focus on the big picture.
• ·       They often argue about politics, but they remain good friends.
• ·       He likes to boast about his achievements.
• ·       She often dreams about traveling to exotic destinations.
• ·       I am not acquainted with the new team members yet.
• ·       I agree with your assessment of the situation.
• ·       The police charged him with theft.
• ·       I trust her with my deepest secrets.
• ·       Don't confuse him with his twin brother.
• ·       I believe in the power of education to change lives.
• ·       She's involved in several community projects.
• ·       He succeeded in winning the championship.
• ·       She specializes in environmental law.
• ·       I got so absorbed in the book that I lost track of time.

 

Comprehension

A. Fill in the gaps with appropriate words/phrases from the text.

a. People are using social media for individual as well as marketing purposes.

b. Social media is not only a platform of sharing views, but also a platform of finding a job and finding the employees required. 

c. The hospital wanted Prita to pay Rp. 100 million for immaterial loss

d. Some singers organized charity concerts to help Prita.

e. The campaign to help Prita was able to collect Rp. 825 million.

B. Answer these questions.

 

a. How do you define social media?

- Social media are interactive technologies that facilitate the creation and sharing of information, ideas, interests, and other forms of expression through virtual communities and networks.

 

b. Social media has been an integral part of modern life. How?

Social media have been used in every aspect of human life such as information, communication, business, marketing and so on. The person who does not use social media is unlikely to be successful in any field. That is why we can say that social media has been an integral part of modern life.

 

c. Why do people use Facebook and YouTube?

People use Facebook to make friend and to communicate with them. They use YouTube to listen music or watch videos.

 

d. What is a blog? How can it be beneficial to us?

A blog is a personal or corporate website. We can share our idea and view via blog, we can advertise our product and can earn money too.

e. Was Prita’s intention bad when she sent a message to her friends?

Prita’s intention of sending message was just to aware people about the services of Hospitals in Jakarta. She did not have any bad intention to do so.

 

f. How did Prita's message become a big problem?

Prita's message became a big problem after her friend shared it to a website (The  People’s Forum) which so many read and commented about the issue.

 

g. Why was she convicted by the court?

She was convicted by the court for violating the law about using the ICT.

 

h. What was the purpose of the campaign, “Bantu Bebaskan Prita”?

The purpose of the campaign, “Bantu Bebaskan Prita” was to help Prita by collecting the money.

 

i. How are people stronger than social media?

People are stronger than social media because we can easily think before we act and think before we speak.

Critical thinking

 

a.    a Does social media have positive impact in the society? Discuss.

Social media undeniably has a positive impact on society in several ways. Firstly, it promotes connectivity and facilitates communication on a global scale. People can maintain relationships with friends and family across distances, which fosters a sense of unity and reduces isolation. Additionally, it serves as a powerful tool for disseminating information and raising awareness about important issues, enabling activists and organizations to mobilize support for various causes. Social media has also democratized education, providing access to a wealth of information and online courses, which can be particularly beneficial in regions with limited educational resources.

 

Moreover, social media has transformed the business landscape by providing a cost-effective means for small businesses and entrepreneurs to reach a global audience. It has become a cornerstone of marketing strategies, enabling companies to connect with customers, build brand awareness, and foster innovation. Furthermore, it has given a platform for creative expression, allowing artists, writers, and content creators to showcase their work and connect with like-minded individuals, while also promoting political engagement, global awareness, and support networks for individuals facing challenges. While acknowledging these positive impacts, it's essential to recognize that social media also brings challenges, such as misinformation and privacy concerns, which must be addressed to maximize its societal benefits.

 

b.     b. How do you compare virtual communication and face-to-face communication?

 

Virtual communication and face-to-face communication each have their own distinct advantages and limitations. In virtual communication, such as video calls, email, or messaging apps, the primary benefit is convenience. It enables people to connect with others across vast distances, making it an invaluable tool for maintaining relationships, conducting business, and collaborating on projects regardless of geographical barriers. Virtual communication also provides a written record of conversations, which can be useful for reference and documentation.

 

On the other hand, face-to-face communication offers a level of depth and nuance that virtual communication often lacks. In-person interactions allow for the exchange of nonverbal cues, such as body language and facial expressions, which are essential for conveying emotions, empathy, and context. These nonverbal elements can significantly enhance the quality and depth of communication. Additionally, face-to-face communication fosters a sense of immediacy and presence, promoting more genuine and spontaneous interactions. It's in these unscripted moments where trust is often built and complex issues are effectively addressed. While face-to-face communication can be less convenient, it is unparalleled in its ability to build strong interpersonal connections and convey subtle nuances in communication. Ultimately, the choice between virtual and face-to-face communication depends on the context, goals, and the nature of the interaction.

 

 

 

 

Writing

a. There are different schools of thought regarding the social media. Some people see the benefits while others see problems in them. What are your observations? Explain the advantages and disadvantages of the social media giving your position in it.

 

As a neutral observer of social media, I can provide an objective analysis of its advantages and disadvantages.

 

Advantages:

Social media has transformed the way we communicate and interact in many positive ways. It has connected people across the globe, allowing individuals to maintain relationships with friends and family regardless of geographical barriers. It serves as a powerful platform for self-expression, enabling users to share their thoughts, creativity, and talents with a wide audience. Social media also plays a crucial role in spreading awareness about important social issues, promoting activism, and facilitating community building. It offers an excess of educational resources and opportunities for personal and professional growth, making it a valuable tool for learning and networking.

 

Disadvantages:

However, social media is not without its downsides. One of the most significant disadvantages is its potential to be a breeding ground for misinformation and fake news, leading to the spread of false information and confusion. Privacy concerns are also a critical issue, as users' personal data can be misused or exposed to cyber threats. Additionally, the addictive nature of social media can have detrimental effects on mental health, leading to anxiety, depression, and decreased self-esteem. The curated, idealized versions of life often presented on these platforms can foster feelings of inadequacy and comparison. Furthermore, the constant bombardment of information and notifications can be awesome and distracting, affecting productivity and real-world relationships.

 

In conclusion, while social media has undoubtedly revolutionized the way we connect and share information, it comes with a complex set of advantages and disadvantages. The key is to use these platforms mindfully and responsibly, harnessing the benefits while being aware of the potential drawbacks.

 

 

b. What is cyber bullying? What are its effects? How can it be stopped?

 

Cyberbullying is when people use the internet, like social media or texting, to be mean or hurtful to others. They might send mean messages, spread rumors, or even share embarrassing pictures or videos without permission. This can make people feel very sad, scared, or angry.

 

The effects of cyberbullying can be bad. It can hurt a person's feelings a lot, and they might feel alone or scared. Some people might even stop going to school or using the internet because they're so upset. Cyberbullying can also make people feel anxious or depressed.

 

To stop cyberbullying, we can do a few things. First, we should always be kind and respectful online, just like we are in person. If we see someone being bullied, we should tell a trusted adult, like a parent or teacher. They can help stop the bullying. It's also a good idea to block or unfriend the person who is being mean. And remember, it's never okay to be mean to others, whether it's online or in person.

 

Grammar 

B. Complete the following sentences using the correct prepositions of direction: to, toward, onto, or into.

a. Prem drove Milan …… the airport. -to

b. The plane landed …… the runway. - onto

c. The kids climbed …… the monkey bars.-onto

d. Manish and Richa moved the table …… the dining room.-into

e. Ganesh almost fell …… the river.-into

f. Lalit and Sarita took the bus that was heading …… the university.-towards

C. Complete the sentences with the correct preposition from the brackets.

a. While we were hiking …… the forest, we saw a mountain lion. (across/

through/along/under)-through

b. The leopards walked in a circle …… the baby giraffe before they attacked.

(into/towards/round/through)-round

c. Go …… the building and turn left. (into/up/off/out of)-out of

d. She ran …… home when she was eighteen. (towards/away from/down/

across)- away from

e. Raindrops ran …… the windscreen making it difficult to see the road.

(into/up/down/over)-down

f. Hemanta put the plate …… the table and began to eat his dinner. (onto/

into/up/off)-onto

g. The frightened deer disappeared …… the forest. (up/onto/into/toward)-into

h. We were driving …… the City Centre when we had an accident. (up/into/

towards/along)-towards

i. The smoke from the fire went …… into the sky. (into/up/to/onto)-up